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Analysis

This paper presents a novel Time Projection Chamber (TPC) system designed for low-background beta radiation measurements. The system's effectiveness is demonstrated through experimental validation using a $^{90}$Sr beta source and a Geant4-based simulation. The study highlights the system's ability to discriminate between beta signals and background radiation, achieving a low background rate. The paper also identifies the sources of background radiation and proposes optimizations for further improvement, making it relevant for applications requiring sensitive beta detection.
Reference

The system achieved a background rate of 0.49 $\rm cpm/cm^2$ while retaining more than 55% of $^{90}$Sr beta signals within a 7 cm diameter detection region.

Analysis

This paper presents a novel approach for real-time data selection in optical Time Projection Chambers (TPCs), a crucial technology for rare-event searches. The core innovation lies in using an unsupervised, reconstruction-based anomaly detection strategy with convolutional autoencoders trained on pedestal images. This method allows for efficient identification of particle-induced structures and extraction of Regions of Interest (ROIs), significantly reducing the data volume while preserving signal integrity. The study's focus on the impact of training objective design and its demonstration of high signal retention and area reduction are particularly noteworthy. The approach is detector-agnostic and provides a transparent baseline for online data reduction.
Reference

The best configuration retains (93.0 +/- 0.2)% of reconstructed signal intensity while discarding (97.8 +/- 0.1)% of the image area, with an inference time of approximately 25 ms per frame on a consumer GPU.