Why Indices Count the Total Number of Black Hole Microstates (at large N)

This article likely explores the use of mathematical indices in theoretical physics, specifically within the context of black hole thermodynamics and quantum gravity. The phrase "at large N" suggests the use of techniques like the AdS/CFT correspondence or other large-N limits to simplify calculations and gain insights into the behavior of black holes. The focus is on understanding the microstates, which are the different quantum states that a black hole can exist in, and how these states contribute to its entropy.