PHANTOM: PHysical ANamorphic Threats Obstructing Connected Vehicle Mobility

This research introduces PHANTOM, a novel attack framework leveraging anamorphic art to create perspective-dependent adversarial examples that fool object detectors in connected autonomous vehicles (CAVs). The key innovation lies in its black-box nature and strong transferability across different detector architectures. The high success rate, even in degraded conditions, highlights a significant vulnerability in current CAV systems. The study's demonstration of network-wide disruption through V2X communication further emphasizes the potential for widespread chaos. This research underscores the urgent need for robust defense mechanisms against physical adversarial attacks to ensure the safety and reliability of autonomous driving technology. The use of CARLA and SUMO-OMNeT++ for evaluation adds credibility to the findings.